Puracyp, Inc. We are dedicated to providing high quality research products for use in drug discovery and drug metabolism studies. Our human liver microsomes are highly characterized immunochemically for individual P450 content and can be used to identify metabolites, assess metabolic stability, define kinetic parameters, and identify potential P450 inhibitors. Our monospecific P450 antibodies are excellent tools for use in P450 reaction phenotyping experiments and are preferred over chemical inhibitors by the FDA. The company has also developed cell lines for rapidly determining the ability of chemicals to enhance the expression of drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters through nuclear receptor activation. The primary focus of our Services is to offer high volume screening of new chemical entities. Our nuclear receptor activation service utilizes stably integrated cell lines harboring P450 enhancer elements in reporter gene constructs and human nuclear receptors, including PXR and AhR. Transactivation by chemicals/drugs is assessed by determining reporter gene activity. Use of these cell lines results in a timely and cost efficient system conducive to high throughput. Cell lines currently available include those expressing the CYP3A4 enhancer, those with the p-glycoprotein enhancer and those that can be used to identify Ah receptor mediated induction of genes containing the dioxin response element (DRE). Animal cell lines expressing PXR can be used to assist in alleviating the large number of animals used in the preclinical stages of drug development and are also available. Additional services include a drug metabolism package that encompasses metabolic stability assessment, identification of kinetic parameters (Vmax and Km values) and reaction phenotyping using our highly specific P450 antibodies. Finally, using our high characterized human liver microsomes, we also determine the ability of xenobiotics to produce drug-drug interactions by P450 inhibition. Our company also licenses its cell lines to companies to perform in-house PXR or AhR activation analyses. In the few past years, Puracyp performs nuclear receptor activation assays for several top tier pharmaceutical companies and several academic institutions. Our scientists are extensively published and have been involved in human P450 metabolism research for a number of years. Presently, the company has two main divisions, products and services. In addition to the full-time scientists at our company, the scientific staff also includes several affiliate members that are recognized leaders in human P450 and nuclear receptor research.